SAFEGUARDING STUDENT DATA: CYBERSECURITY POLICIES AND PRACTICES BY PRINCIPALS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ANAMBRA STATE

Abstract

The increasing digitalization of educational systems necessitates effective safeguarding of student data to protect privacy and ensure data integrity. This study investigates the cybersecurity policies and practices adopted by principals in secondary schools in Anambra State, Nigeria. The primary aim is to assess the extent of cybersecurity awareness, the implementation of data protection policies, and the challenges faced by school leaders in safeguarding student information. Employing a descriptive survey design, data were collected from a sample of principals across both urban and rural secondary schools through structured questionnaires and interviews. The findings reveal that while most principals recognize the importance of data security, their awareness of comprehensive cybersecurity policies remains limited, and the implementation of structured data protection practices is inconsistent. Key challenges identified include inadequate infrastructural resources, insufficient training, and low awareness of national and international data protection standards. The study emphasizes the urgent need for school leadership to prioritize cybersecurity education, establish clear policies, and invest in secure information systems. Strengthening principals’ capacity and fostering a culture of cybersecurity within schools are critical for protecting student data in an increasingly digital educational landscape. The insights provided aim to inform policymakers, educational authorities, and school administrators in developing robust cybersecurity frameworks that safeguard students’ personal information while promoting safe digital learning environments in Anambra State and beyond.